Multiplying machine



March 5, 1940. w. LANG 51' AL HULTIPLYING MACHINE 6 Sheets-Sheet 1 FiledSept. 24, 193.!

FIG. I.

yz JNgORS BY 6 fizz A4,, ATTORNEY 6 Shee'ts-Sheet 3 1 MHWMW W. LANG ElAL MULTIPLYING MACHINE Filed Sept. 24, 1937 March 5, 1940.

3Q k iL ATTORNEY March 5, 1940. w, LANG r AL 2,192,612

MULTIPLYING MACHINE Filed Sept. 24, 1937 6 Sheets-Sheet 4 FIG. 6.

. m 85 M: u! m g7 ZINVEEORS ATTORNEY v March 5, w, LANG w M. 2,192,612

MULTIPLYING MACKINE Filed Sept. 24, 1937 e Sheets-Sheet s II n mmqmmaWn-I [\lVENT Rs MAM ' ATTORNEY March w. LANG ET AL 2,192,612

IULTIPLYING CHINE Filed Sept. 24, 19 37 6 Sheets-Sheet 6 Y/IVG crue-ATTORNEY Patented Mar. 5, 1940 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE-Y MULTIPLYINGmom William Lang, New York, N. Y., and George B. Heddendorf, NewBrunswick, N. 1., asaignorl to lnternationalBuainess MachinesCorporation,

New York, N. Y., a corporation oi New York Appuoouon September. 24,1937, Serial No. 165,436

7 Claims.

This invention relates to improvements in accounting machines and moreparticularly multiplying accounting machines.

The invention has for its principal object the provision of an improvedtype of multiplying machine in which data are recorded on a record cardin accordance with the binary system. of

numeration. In accordance with. the manner of recording an amount on arecord card in the binary system a series of index point positions hasassigned thereto values representing the succesby the method ofcomputation technically known as duplation. According to themathematical principles underlying multiplication by duplation ageometrical progression with a ratio of two is formed in which themultiplicand factor is the first term of the series. Thus with amultiplicand factor of, say, 1580, the series would be 1580, 3160, 6320,12640, 25280, etc. In accordance with the value of the multiplier factorthere is selected from this series the term which equals or theplurality of terms which when added together equal the product of thetwo factors.

The procedure is to repeatedly reduce the value of the multiplier as themultiplicand increases. This reduction is termed halving so that, if,with a multiplier of 16, the two series are set down as follows:

Mu1tip1icand 1580 3160 6320 12640 25280 Multiplier 16 8 4 2 1Multiplicand 1580 3160 6320 12640 25280 Multiplier 18 9 4+ 2 1 Here theproduct is 3160+25280=28440. It is to be noted that the fractionsresulting from halying" the'odd numbers are disregarded. Again,

for the problem 1580 15,

Multiplicand 1580 Multiplier 15 the product is15so+31eo+c32o+1264o=237ooo It will be observed that in-building theparallel series of numbers that the eirecthasfsimplybeen to restate theproblem inflterms of different factors, thus:

i580 18=3160 9=6320 4 I (12640X2) +3160, etc. It is to be furtherobserved that where the fraction is involved, such product may'again berestated as in the expression:

6320X4 to read (6320X4) +3160,

It follows then that the problem of 1580X 15 may be restated as follows:

From this it is derived that whenever the mul-, tiplier term of theseries is odd the companion multiplicand term is selected as a term ofthe product sum.

A machine in which this method of multiplying is applied to numbersexpressed in the decimal system is shown and described in the copendingapplication of Lang and Heddendorf, Serial No. 99,370, filed September4, 1936. In such machine three accumulators are employed, one to receiveand build up the progressive series of multiplicand terms, a second toreceive and build up the series of multiplier terms, and a third toreceive under control of the first two all the terms of the multiplicandseries whose multiplier companion terms are odd.

When factors are expressed in the binary system of numeration themultiplying procedure is extremely simplified and themultiplyingoperation may be effected in a very short space of time.

A further object of the invention is to provide a record card arrangedto receive perforations representing numbers expressed in the binarysystem.

A further object is to provide a machine for sensing a record card forbinary numbers representing factors during a cycle of the machine,

compute the product during a further cycle, and punch back the result inthe record card'in the third cycle.

Afurther object of the invention is to provide mechanism for selectivelyreading a binary number from any recording position on the record card,and punching back the result of a computation in any recording positionof the card.

Further objects of the instant invention reside in any novel feature ofconstruction or operation or novel combination of parts present in theembodiment of the invention described and shown in the accompanyingdrawings whether within or without the scope of the appended claims andirrespective of other specific statements as to the scope of theinvention contained herein.

In the drawings- Fig. 1 is a central section through the card feeding,sensing, and punching section of the machine.

Fig. 2 is a specimen of a record card perforated in accordance with thebinary system of numeration.

Figs. 3 and 4 represent diagrammatically the theory of operation asapplied to two different multiplying problems.

Fig. 5 is a wiring diagram of the electric circuits of the machine.

Fig. 6 is a diagrammatic representation of one order of a binaryaccumulator.

Fig. 7 is a view showing the accumulating devices in another position.

Fig. 8 is a view of a settable switching device.

Fig. 9 is a detail taken on lines 99 of Fig. 8.

Fig. 10 is a fragment of a record card showing a modified arrangement ofthe recording positions for the different values.

Fig. 11 is a portion of the circuit diagram modifiedfor the handling ofa record card such as Fig. 10.

Fig. 12 is a timing diagram of the contact devices of the machine.

Figs. Band 14 are details of emitters employed for carrying out themultiplying operations.

Record card Referring now to Fig. 2, the manner in which the numbers arerecorded on the record card will first be described. The card isprovided with three fields headed MP, MC, and Product, and the columnsof the several fields are identified as representing various powers of2. To record a multiplier of, say, 11, a perforation is made in thethree columns representing 1, 2, and 8 whose sum is 11, these threefigures being the three powers of 2 whose sum is 11. Similarly, torecord a multiplier such as 12, perforations are made in the positionsrepresenting 4 and 8, these being the second and third powers of 2. Itis to be noted that with a record card as shown having twelve horizontalrecording lines, twelve different numbers maybe recorded in the MPfield. For the purposes of explanation and to avoid a multiplicity oflike connections in the circuit diagram, the number of recordingpositions in the MP and MC fields have been limited to four, but it willbe understood that by providing further columns in each of these fields,larger numbers may be recorded. Thus, as in the product field whereeight columns are provided, the number 144 is recorded along the fourthhorizontal line and is represented by perforations in the columns designated 2 and 2" the sum of which is 144. Likewise the number 68 isrepresented in the product field by a perforation in the columnrepresenting 2 and 2'.

Operating principle Referring to Fig. 3, there is shown the analogy whenmultiplying by duplation, between numbers expressed in the decimalsystem, and numbers expressed in the binary system. The factors 11 and 6are to be multiplied. Adjacent to these numbers is represented thebinary representation of the same and the perforation columns are headedwith the actual values of the various powers of 2 so that the numberrepresented may be more readily identified.

First following through the procedure involved in multiplying thedecimal values by duplation, the MC 6 is doubled." At the same time theMP 11 is halved with the fractional remainder disregarded. This doublingand halving is concurrent and is repeated until the MP is reduced to las indicated. Whenever the MP factor is odd, the accompanying MC amountis transferred to a product accumulator, the entry being represented onthe column farthest to the right in Fig. 3. Thus for the problem chosenthe amounts 6, 12, and 48 are transferred to the product accumulator,the sum of these amounts being 66 which is the answer sought.

Expressed in the binary system, the number 11 represents the threeperforations in columns headed 1, 2, and 8. Half of this number(disregarding the fractional remainder) is 5 which is represented by aperforation in columns headed l and 4. Half of this is represented by aperforation in column 2, and again half the result is represented by aperforation in column 1. Likewise the MC factor 6 is represented by aperforation in columns headed 2 and 4, twice the amount by perforationsin columns headed 4 and 8, twice that amount by perforations in columnsheaded 8 and 16 and so on.

It will be observed in connection with the MC amount that doubling thenumber is obtained by causing a lateral shift one step toward the rightof the coded perforations and for the MP factor the converse is found inthat a lateral shift one step toward the left serves to halve thenumber. It will also be observed that, inasmuch as in the series ofpowers the only power representing an odd number is the very firstpower, any odd number represented in the binary system will include thefirst term of the series which is the zero power of 2. Thus 11, 5 and 1are odd numbers and in each of these cases the corresponding MC istransferred to the product accumulator. This accumulator is arranged toreceive unit entries and to carry from order to order for every secondentry.

The various vertical columns in Fig. 3 of the product accumulatorrepresent denominational orders into which units are entered in thepositions corresponding to the coding of the numbers entered andcarrying operations take place from lower to higher powers. Thus a unitentry into each position headed 2 and 4 indicates an entry of 6. Unitentries in the columns headed 4 and 8 indicate an entry of 12, and aunit entry in each of the columns headed 16 and 32 represents an entryof 48, the result of the successive entries being 66.

In applying the relationships just explained to a mechanical embodiment,the MC factor is represented on a series of contacts, one for each powerof 2, by closing contacts relating to the powers whose sum equals the-MCfactor. A similar set of contacts represents the MP factor in the samemanner. The MC contacts are wired to a column shift device so that thecontacts are arranged to transmit an impulse to the correspondinglynumbered orders of a binary accumulator. A testing device is providedfor'teiting the setting of the MP set of contacts in succession. Testingof the first position will determine that the MP is odd and this willcause the MC set of contacts to transmit an impulse to the correspondingaccumulating positions. Following this the column shift changes theposition so that the MC positions are connected to the next higheraccumulator positions and the testing device tests the next MP contacts,finding a setting here and deter-.

mining from this fact that half the number is odd, it causes the MCcontacts to transmit impulses to the higher orders of the accumulator,thereby, in effect, entering twice the MC therein. Following this, therelationship is again shifted and the testing device new tests the thirdposition of the MP contacts and finds, due to the non-set contacts, thatthe number is now even and therefore no transfer takes place and thecolumn shift advances a further step. Finally, the last position of theMP set of contacts is tested to find an odd condition causing transferof the MC setting to the product accumulator in .the order representingentry of 48], In this wise, multiplication of two binary nj bers iseffected by the simple provision of a s -""'f ordered contacts for theMP factor, a set ordered contacts for the MC factor, and a single binaryaccumulator.

In Fig. 4. is diagrammatically represented a further problem in which anMP of 12 is multiplied by an MC of 12, resulting in a product of 144. Inthis case the number itself is even so no transfer takes place of thenumber. Half the number is also even so again transfer of twice calunits of the machine.

the number does not take place. Further testing shows that 3 is odd and1 is also odd so transferring takes place in succession of 4 times thenumber and 8 timesthe number, the sum of the two powers resulting in144.

Card handling mechanism Before describing the circuit connectionsthrough which the multiplying is effected, a description will be givenof the various mechani- Referring to Fig. l, the record cards C areplaced in the hopper III of the machine from which they are fed singlyby a picker II which is mounted for vertical reciprocation. Motive poweris obtained from the main drive shaft l2 which may be driven byanysuitable source of power to maintain it in constant rotation. The shaftl2 carries. a gear I3 which meshes with and drives a gear l4 freelymounted on the card feed shaft F. Secured to gear i5 is a clutch drivingelement I5 which is consequently in constant motion. Lying in the planeof clutch element I5 is a spring-pressed dog [6 which is carried by andpivoted to a cam H. An armature latch l8 normally holds the pawl l6 outof engagement with the driving element l5. Upon energization of magnetl9 latch I8 is rocked counterclockwise to release pawl l6 whereupon itsspring will move it into engagement with the driving element l5 to causerotation of cam l1.

The cam I1 is secured to shaft F so that the shaft will rotate in unisonwith the driving element IS. The cam H, as it rotates, will rock a bellcrank follower lever and through a link 2| oscillate arms 22 which havepin and slot connection with the card picker II. The downward movementof picker'll will advance a card C frornthe feed magazine III to theuppermost pair offe'ed rollers 23 which continue the downward movementof the card to further pairs of feed rollers 23. The several pairs offeed rollers are interconnected by gears generally indicated 24 andaredriven by a suitable gear secured to the shaft F so that the rollers 23are in motion during the rotation of shaft F.

The record cards C (Fig. 2) are placed in the magazine Ill so that the"9 index point positions lead and the cards will pass the sensingstation comprising individual sensing brushes 25 and common contactroller 26 in the order 9, 8, 7, 0, X, R. For each revolution ofshaft F arecord card will be advanced from the hopper to a position shown in Fig.1 in which the card is in position with the brushes 25 about to sensethe "9" index point positions. During the second cycle of shaft F thecard is advanced to the punching station which comprises a plurality ofrows of punches 21 spaced in accordance with the arrangement of theindex point positions of the record card. The gate 28 interrupts theleading edge of the card and holds the same in position until punchinghas been effected. The gate 28 is connected by a link 29 to a bell crankcam follower 30 whose roller cooperates with the cam 3| secured to shaftF. As the cards advance toward the sensing position, they will engageand rocks. pivoted card lever 32 which will cause closure of card levercontacts designated CLC.

The punching devices are operated from a shaft designated P upon whichis freely mounted a gear 33 to which is secured clutch driving element34. Cooperating with element 34 is a spring-pressed pawl 35 which iscarried by a cam 36. Lying in the plane of clutch element 35 is anarmature pawl 31 which normally engages and holds the pawl 35 out ofengagement with the driving element 34. Energization of clutch magnet 38will cause the latch 31 to release pawl 35 for engagement with drivingelement 34 upon which shaft P, to which cam 36 is secured, will rotate.Cam 3t cooperates with follower lever 46 whose upper extremity isconnected through arm and link connection 4| to a shaft 42. Upon theshaft is secured a ball 43 which extends across the upper edges of aplurality of sliders 44. Sliders 44 are suitably mounted for verticalreciprocation and are normally urged upward by their springs 45. Thelower extremity of each slider carries a resiliently mounted interposer46 which will pass the punches 21 in the related column in order. As theslider 44 moves upwardly, notches 41 will pass the nose of a pawl 48 insuccession. During the upward movement of the slider, energization ofpunch selecting magnet 49 will attract its armature 50 and release pawl48 for engagement in one of the notches 41. The notch engaged willdepend upon the time of operation of the magnet 49.

After the sliders 44 have been positioned, punch plate 5| which ismounted for horizontal reciprocation, will be moved toward the left toforce the interposers 46 against the selected punches 21 and force thesame through the record card. The plate 5| has connected to it a link 52whose other end is connected to a bell crank follower 53 which isoperated by the cam 54 secured on shaft P.

A further shaft, designated M, is provided on which is freely mounted agear 88 which, through an idler 58, is driven from the main drive shaftl2. Secured to gear 55 is a clutch driving element 8! which cooperateswith a dog 88 carried by and pivoted to a disk 58. Cooperating with thedog is an armature latch 88 and a controlling magnet 8|. Energization ofmagnet 8| will release dog 58 for engagement with element 81 and shaft Mwill make a complete rotation during which multiplying operations takeplace.

Testing and column shift commutator:

Referring to Fig. 13, the shaft M carries a pair oi. electricallyconnected commutator brushes 82 which, asrthe shaft rotates,successively connects each of a ring of contact segments M2 with acommon conducting ring 84. A similar pair of brushes 88 (Fig. 14) iscarried by shaft M and these brushessuccessivey connect each of the ringof common segments M8 with a common conducting ring 88. There is asingle ring of segments M2 provided and a number of rings of segments M8as will be explained in connection with the circuit diagram. Alsocarried on shaft M are a pair of cams controlling contacts MI, M4gpreszented on Fig. 5 and timed as indicated in Sensing and punchingline selectors Referring to Figs. 8 and 9, the shaft F carries acommutator 61 which has an outer conducting ring 88 against which awiper 68 rubs. Embedded in the commutator is a series of contactsegments Fl which, as the commutator rotates, contact a wiper I8 insuccession. 0n the face of the commutator and in line with each of thesegments Fl is a slide II which carries a metallic conductor I2. Whenthe slide is in the dotted line position shown in Fig. 9 thecorresponding segment Fl is electrically connected to the common ring 68and when the slide is moved to its full line position, this connectionis broken. In sensing the record card, if the factors to be sensed areperforated in, say, the fourth horizontal line, the 4 slide II is movedoutwardly from the shaft F to connect its segment FI with the commonring sition as shown in Fig. 8.

more fully explained in connection with the circuit diagram.

Accumulator Referring now to Fig. 6, a form of binary accumulator isdiagrammatically disclosed and represents in effect, 'a form of steppingrelay provided with denominational order carry mechanism. Each ordercomprises a ratchet wheel 88 which is integral with the cam 8| and acarry ratchet 82. An adding magnet 88, upon energization, will rock itsarmature 88 and through pawl 85 will advance the ratchet 88 one tooth.In so moving, the cam 8i will cause closure of a pair of contacts 88.Upon the next energize.- tion of magnet 88, ratchet 88 will advance thesecond step and contacts 88 will again open. The relative positions ofthe parts after the first impulse to the adding magnet 83 are shown inFig. "l with the contacts 86 closed.

For every second increment of advance of the ratchet 82, one of. itscamming projections will cause momentary closure of a pair of contacts81 which will. energize a carry magnet 88 in the next higherdenominational order. This magnet will attract its armature 88 andthrough an arm 88 will cause its spring-pressed pawl 8I to advance'ratchet 88 in the next higher order one step. 'I'he parts are soproportioned that if the next higher order is receiving an entry throughits adding magnet, it will have advanced its ratchet 88 a sufficientdistance before its carry magnet is energized so that the carry pawlwill engage the proper tooth to enter the carried unit.

Means for resetting the accumulator orders is provided in the form of areset magnet 82 which, through its armature 88, rocks a cross shaft 84.From this shaft depend arms 85. one for each order of the accumulator.spring-pressed pawl 88 which is moved from the full line position ofFig. 6 to its .dotted line position and in those orders in which theratchets are displaced one step, the pawl 88 will engage one of theprojections of ratchet 82 and advance the same one step. In thosepositions in which the ratchet is in its home position, no movement willbe had.

Circuit diagram The operation of the machine-in which a pair of factorsis sensed on the record card, their product computed, and punched backin the record, will now be explained with particular'reference to thecircuit diagram, Fig. 5. In Fig. 2 the record card C contains the MPfactor 11 and the MC factor 6 in the eighth horizontal row. These twofactors are to be multiplied together and the product punched back inthe same row in the product field. Referring to Fig. 5, the sensingbrushes 25 which traverse the MP field are wired to plug sockets I88from which plug connections I8I are made to plug sockets I82. Thebrushes 25 which traverse the MC field are similarly connected toanother set of plug sockets I82. The punch selecting magnets 48 arewired to sockets I83 from which plug connections I84 are made to plugsockets I85. These plug connections are made from the orders of theaccumulator to the punch magnets 48 related to the field in which theproduct is to be punched. Since the factors are to be sensed from theeighth horizontal line, the 8 slide II of the line selecting commutatoron the F shaft is moved to its outer position and since the product isto be punched back in the 8 line, the 8 slide ll of a similar commutatoron the P shaft is also moved to its outer position. With the plugconnections made as indicated and with cards placed in the supplymagazine I8, the machine is ready to commence operation.

Depression of the start key will close contacts I86 to complete acircuit from negative side of line I81, through the start key contactsI88 and card feed clutch magnet I8 to the left or positive side of lineI88. It is assumed that the main drive shaft I2 is in constant operationwith a suitable source of power so that energization of magnet l8 willcouple the card feed shaft F for rotation and this shaft will now turnto cause advance of the first card from the supply magazine. During thiscycle the F cams operate and toward the end of the cycle contacts F3close to energize the multiplying clutch magnet 8| which releases shaftM for a cycle of operations which is an idle cycle at this time since noefiective card reading has yet been entered. The first card at this timeis in the position indicated in Fig. 1 with the 9 index point positionsready to pass the sensing brushes. Near the end of the revolution of theshaft M contacts Ml close, energizing the punch clutch magnet 38 toinitiate a cycle of operations of shaft P. During this cycle,

which is also an idle one at this time, the punch Each arm carries a gthe perforated positions which circuits are tracemechanism operates, butsince no card is in position to be punched, the operation is of noeffect.

Near the end of the punching cycle, cam contacts P3 close againenergizing the feed clutch magnet I9 provided card lever contacts CLOare closed denoting that the first card has been advanced to the brushesand shaft F enters upon another cycle of operations to advance the cardpast the sensing brushes 25.

During this passage of the cards by the brushes 25 the commutatorsegments Fl pass the wiping contact I in succession as thecorrespondingly numbered lines of the record card pass the brushes.Thus, since only the 8 segment Fl is active, when the 8 line of the cardis at the brushes, parallel circuits will be traced through each of ablefromleft side of line I08 to wiper 09, conducting ring 58, slide 'II,the "8 segment FI,

wiper I0, common contact roll 26, thence through each of the perforatedpositions to plug sockets I00, connections IOI, plug sockets I02, thencethrough relay magnets I09 and II 0, wire III, to

right side of line I01. Thus, for the .example chosen, the first, secondand fourth magnets I09 and second and third magnets I I0 are energizedin response to the sensing of the two factors 11 and 6 on the eighthline of the card. Relays I 03 close contacts NM and relays I I0 closecontacts 0a, completing circuits from linel0'l, wire III, relay magnetsH2 and H3, respectively.-through contacts M911 and H011, wire III,contacts MI, to line I08. Relays I09 and II 0 also close addit onalcontacts I 09b and I I0!) which accordingly take a setting correspondingto the arrangement of perforations representing the two factors.

Specifically, the first, second, and fourth contacts I091: are closedand the second and third contacts H01) are also closed and will remainin this condition until near the end of the next or multiplying cyclewhen contacts MI open momentarily to drop the holding circuits. Near theend of the card feed cycle, as explained, closure of contacts F3energize the multiplying clutch miagnet and the shaft M now makes acycle of operation. During this cycle the brush 62 successivelytraverses the segments M2 and the brushes 65 successively traverse thesegments M3, the timing being such that brush 82 engages the segment M2before brush 65 engages the corresponding segment M3. Since for theexample chosen the first contact Iiiilb is closed a circuit is traceablewhen brush 62 engages the first segment M2 from line 968 throughtransfer magnet H5, common conductor 60, brush 62, segment M2, contactsi091), Wire III to line Hi1. Magnet H5 will thereupon close its contactsil5a connecting the contacts I 1% to l ne i071. As the brushes 65contact the first of the segments M3 in each of the four positions, thefour contacts I IN) will be electrically connected to the first fouradding magnets 83, counting from. the left, and circuits will becompleted through these magnets in accordance with the condition of thecontacts 01). Snice, for the example chosen, the two central contactsare closed, thees circuits will cause closure of the second and thirdmagnets 83, the circuits being traceable from line I01, contacts I i 5a,the second and third contacts I I0b, the second and. third conductors66, the second and third brushes E5, the first segments M3 of the secondand third group, and the appropriate wires H8 leading to the second andthird adding magnets 83, thence through wires I H, to line I08. In thismanner the value 5 is entered into the binary accumulator. As brush 82continues, it will next test the setting of the second pair of contactsI09b. Finding these closed, it will again-cause energization of thetransfer magnet I I5, causing closure of contacts Ba and now thetransfer segments M2 for multiple carry operations to take place insuccession and since carry operations involve only a momentaryenergization of a magnet, this operation is very rapid. When brush 82encounters the third segment M2, no circuit is completed since contactsI08b in this position are open and consequently there is no transfercircu t completed during this interval. Finally, the fourth segment M2is engaged by the brush 82 and again magnet H5 is energized and transfercircuits are completed, this time in orders of the accumulatorrepresenting an entry of 48.

On the circuit diagram seven of the seventeen testing positionsindicated on the timing chart are shown for the brushes 82 and 65 withthe circuit connections for only four of the multiplier positions shown.With the complete seventeen positions wired, numbers up to 41,536 may behandled by the machine. Near the end of the multiplying cycle, cammagnets MI open and drap the holding circuit for the relays and camcontacts Ml close to energize the punch shaft magnet 38. At this timethe readout contacts 85 of the binary accumulator are set to representthe product which in the present case is 66 so that the second andseventh contacts 88 are in closed position and the others are open.During the rotation of shaft P the segments PI traverse the brush I2 andwhen the 8" segment I0 is at the wiper, a series of parallel circuitsare completed which are traceable from line I08, wiper 69, conductingring 68, slider II in the "8 position, "8 segment PI, wiper I0, wireII8, the second and the seventh contacts 85, thence through the secondand seventh punch selecting magnets 49 to line I01. Energization of themagnets at this time will stop their related punch slides with theirinterposers 48 (see Fig. 1) opposite the related punches in the eighthhorizontal line of the card which is now in punching position andpunching will be effected to perforate the card as shown in Fig. 2, thelocation of the holes representing the first and sixth powers of 2.

Near the end of the punching operation, contacts P2 close to energizethe reset magnet 92 which causes restoration of the readout contacts andat the same time contacts P2a open to pre- ,vent the completion of carrycircuits during rethe factors disposed one above the other and the in.For this arrangement, a group of contacts I", m are provided which areplug connected between the sensing brushes 2i and the entry sockets I02of the magnets I09 and H as shown. Inasmuch as the MC factor is on thesixth line, the sixth slide ll is'moved outwardly and since the MPfactor is on the third line, the third slide is also moved outwardly. Acam 202, adjustably mounted on a shaft F, is adjusted to shift thecontacts 2M, 20! to their reverse position between the sensing of thesixth line and the third line. so that when the sixth line is sensed,the circuits extend from the brushes 25, contacts I, to the MC magnetsH0 and when the third line is sensed, contacts "I will be opened andcontacts 20!! will be closed during the entry of the MP from sensingbrushes 25, through contacts 200 and the MP magnets I09. The readoutcontacts 86 of the accumulator are plug connected to the punch selectingmagnets in the positions indicated so that during the punching.

operation, punching will take place While there has been shown anddescribed and pointed out the fundamental novel features of theinvention as applied to a single modification, it will be understoodthat various omissions and substitutions and changes in the formanddetails of the device illustrated and in its operation may be made bythose skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of theinvention. It is the intention therefore to be limited only as indicatedby the scope of the following claims.

What is claimed is as follows:

1. In a machine of the class described, a binary accumulator havingordered sections, a settable device having similarly ordered elementssettable to represent a number expressed in the binary system ofnumeration, means for connecting said settable elements to thecorresponding accumulator sections and to successively higher orderedsections, entering means for said accumulator actuated through saidconnections for repeatedly entering the binary number in progressivelyhigher orders, a second settable device having ordered elements settableto represent another number expressed in the binary system ofnumeration, and means including said second settable device forselecting the section of the accumulator for receiving entries and forrendering said connections effective for causing entering in only theselected sections of the accumulator.

2. In a multiplying machine, a series of contacts ordered to representthe successive powers of 'two, a second series of like ordered contacts,means for adjusting each set of contacts to represent a number in thebinary system of numeration, a binary accumulator ordered to representthe successive powers of' two, connections be-' tween said accumulatorand oneof said series of contacts, column shift devices for shiftingsaid connections so that said series will be connected in turn to ordersof the accumulator representing the number represented on said set ofcontacts and multiples of said number, entering means controlled by saidconnections and means controlled by said other series of contacts forcompleting said connections for control of said entering means.

3. In a multiplying machine, a series of pairs of contacts ordered torepresent the successive powers of two, means for entering a number ofsaid pairs of contacts by causing closure of the pair of contacts of theseries the sum of whose represented powers equals the number, means foraiagieiz product is punched in columnar alinement there- 7 testing eachpair of contacts in order to determine which pairs have been closed, asecond series of pairs of contacts similarly ordered and similarlyclosed to represent another number, a binary accumulator, entering meanstherefor, means for partially establishing circuit connections from saidsecond series of contacts to the entering means of said accumulator foreach operation of said testing means and means controlled by saidtesting means for causing completion of said connections for each orderof said first series of contacts in which a pair of contacts is closed.

4. In a multiplying machine, a series of like adjustable elementsordered to represent the successive powers of two, a second series oflike ordered elements, means for adiusting each set of elements torepresent a number in the binary system of numeration, a binaryaccumulator ordered to represent the successive powers of two,connections between said accumulator and one of said series of elements,column shift devices for shifting said connections so that said serieswill -be connected in turn to orders of the accumulator representing thenumber represented on said set of elements and multiples of said number,entering means controlled by said connections and means controlled bysaid other series of elements for completing said, connections forcontrol of said entering means.

5. In a multiplying machine, a series of settable elements ordered torepresent the successive powers of two, means for entering a number onsaid series of elements by effecting a setting of the elements of theseries the sum of whose represented powers equals the number, means fortesting each element of the series in turn to determine which elementshave been set, a second series of settable elements, similarly orderedand similarly set to represent another number, a binary accumulator,entering means therefor, means for partially establishing connectionsfrom said second series of elements to the entering means of saidaccumulator for each operation of said testing means and meanscontrolled by said testing means for causing completion of saidconnections for each order of said first series of elements in which anelement is set.

6. In a multiplying machine, a series of like adjustable elementsordered to represent the successive powers of two, a second series oflike ordered elements, means for adjusting each set of elements torepresent a number in the binary system of numeration, a binaryaccumulator having ordered sections to represent the successive powersof two, column shift devices intermediate one of said series of elementsand said accumulator for associating the elements of the series with theaccumulator sections, transferring means for repeatedly transferring thenumber represented on said series of elements to said accumulator, eachtransfer being routed by said column shift devices to a different set ofaccumulator sections, means for testing the setting of the elements ofthe otherseries of elements, in succession, and means controlled by saidtesting means for rendering said transferring means effective inaccordance with the setting of the elements tested.

7. In a multiplying machine, a pair of contacts representing apredetermined power of two, means for adjusting said contacts toindicate the entry therein of said power of two, a series of contactsordered to represent the successive powers of two, means for adjustingsaid series of contacts to represent a number in the binary system ofnotation, a binary accumulator having 15 ordered sections, each forrepresenting a different power of two, entering means for each section,means for connecting said pair of contacts to the entering means of eachaccumulator section in turn, means for testing the setting 01 the,

contacts of said series in turn, said pair of contacts being connectedto a different accumulator section for each of the contacts in theseries tested, and means controlled by said testing means when thecontacts tested are adjusted to represent an entry therein oi a power oftwo for rendering said pair of contacts eflective to complete a circuitto the entering means of the ac- 5 cumulator through said connectingmeans.

wmmAM LANG. GEORGE B. HEDDENDORF.

CERTIFICATE OF CORRECTION. Patent No. 2,192,612. March 191 .0.

WILLIAM LANG, ET AL'.

It is hereby certified that error appears in the printed specificationof the above numbered patent requiring correction as follows: Page 6,first colmnnQ-line 72, claim 5, for the word:"of second occurrence, readon; and that the said Letters Patent should bereadwith this correctiontherein that the same may conform to the record of the case in thePatent Office.

Signed and sealed this 50th day of April, A. D. 19m.

Henry Van Arsdale (Seal) Acting Commissioner of Patents,

CERTIFICATE OF CORRECTION.

Patent No. 2, 192,612. March 5, 191 0 WILLIAM LANG, ET AL.

It is hereby certified that error appears in the printed specificationof the above numbered patent requiring correction as follows: Page 6,first columnQline 72, claim '5, for the wordfiof" second occurrence,read on; and that the said Letters Patent should be'readwith thiscorrection therein that the same may conform to the record of the casein the Patent Office.

Signed and sealed this goth-da of April, A. :0. 19!;0.

Hehry VanArsdale,

(Seal) Acting Commissioner of Patents,

